In 1995, the U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform, chaired by Congresswoman Barbara Jordan, recommended a comprehensive overhaul of immigration policy that included reducing legal immigration from approximately 800,000 to 550,000 annually, eliminating visa preferences for adult children and siblings of U.S. citizens, prioritising skills-based immigration and nuclear family reunification, and strengthening border enforcement and employer sanctions. While the Clinton Administration implemented some of the Commission’s enforcement-related recommendations, it declined to adopt proposals to reduce legal immigration levels or restructure family-based immigration categories